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Links
and Resources
A&AE
451 Aircraft Design
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LINKS and RESOURCES [NASA ARMD 2008-09 Competition] [Supersonic
Business Jet Concepts] [Commercial Transport Aircraft] [Past
Spring Semester Presentations and Reports] |
OTHER A&AE 451 PAGES |
In no particular
order, the following are links to web sites of relevance to the AAE 451 topic
of a small supersonic airliner. I make no claims to the accuracy of information
from these sites, nor do I claim that these sites will always be working.
Links will be added
during the semester. Many other relevant sites may not appear here. If you have a link you would like to share
with the class, contact the instructor or the teaching assistant.
NASA
Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate
2008-09 University Competition
NASA ARMD 2008-09
University Competition
This NASA-sponsored student design competition provided the
motivation for the Spring 2009 AAE 451 opportunity description. Teams in the AAE 451 class should be able to
enter a version of their final report in this competition.
NASA Fundamental Aeronautics
Program
The Fundamental Aeronautics Program within NASA has several
projects. One of these projects is the Supersonic Aircraft
Project.
Supersonic Business Jet Aircraft Concepts
These sites are
for companies or organizations pursuing supersonic business jets. These aircraft could be available in the near
future and would correspond to NASA’s “N+1” supersonic aircraft.
QSST – Quiet Supersonic Transport
Supersonic Aerospace International is a private company that
contracted a study from Lockheed Martin Advanced Development Programs for a 12
passenger, 4,000 nmi, M = 1.6 to 1.8
aircraft. The company claims the
aircraft could be ready for flight in 2014, with customer deliveries in 2016.
Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation
Gulfstream does not have much information on their website about
their supersonic programs, but they have written and presented several papers
at AIAA conferences about their Quiet Spike
concept for reducing sonic boom.
Aerion Corporation is also developing a supersonic business jet
concept. This 8 to 12 passenger aircraft
concept addresses the restriction on overland supersonic flight by operating at
a high subsonic Mach number over land where organizations, like the FAA
prohibit supersonic flight, at a “boomless” M = 1.15 over areas governed by
ICAO rules relating flight speed to the speed of sound near the ground, and
finally at M = 1.5 to 1.6 over the ocean.
The European Commission is sponsoring a study of an
“Environmentally Friendly High-Speed Aircraft” as a coordinated research effort
amongst several partners. The goals of
this project focus on an 8 to 16 passenger aircraft that can fly up to M =1.8
with low sonic boom, low airport noise and low emissions.
Supersonic Aircraft Noise
FAA Civil Supersonic Aircraft Workshop
The FAA is interesting in determining whether changes in
regulations could permit supersonic flight over land. In 2003, they hosted a workshop. This link provides further links to
presentations from airframe manufacturers, engine manufacturers and operators
that discuss various aspects of supersonic aircraft.
Commercial
Transport Aircraft
Many of these
sites provide information about current and near-future commercial transport
aircraft. Most of these aircraft are
subsonic transports, but they are in a size range (based on seating) similar to
the small supersonic transport described in the Spring 2009
Jane’s All the World’s Aircraft
The Purdue library has an electronic subscription to “All the
World’s Aircraft”. This has descriptions of many relevant aircraft.
Commercial Supersonic Technology: The Way Ahead
This is an on-line book available from the National Academies
Press.
Boeing Commercial Aircraft currently produces the 737-700, -800
and -900 models of this extremely successful single-aisle aircraft, and also
took over the DC-9/MD-80 series of aircraft after the merger with McDonnell
Douglas and renamed the last version the 717. General information about
current production and out-of-production aircraft is available from the Boeing
website. Detailed technical information is available for 737 family here. Boeing’s Commercial Market Forecast
for 2008-2027 is also available.
Airbus produces the A320 family of aircraft that includes the A318, A319, A320 and A321
models. These are also extremely successful single-aisle aircraft.
The Airbus site has a separate page of information for each aircraft model in
the family. Airbus also produces a
market forecast; the current version available from Airbus is the Global Market Forecast 2007-2026.
Embraer manufacturers several popular single-aisle 37- to 50-seat
regional jets from in the ERJ-145 family and recently began
producing models in the 70- to 122-seat “E-Jets” family.
Canadair is a subsidiary of Bombardier. Canadair receives
acclaim as the producer of the CRJ series of regional jets, which are often credited with starting the
regional jet market. The company is also developing larger (100- to
149-seat) single-aisle aircraft in the C series (from the home page, select
core businesses, aerospace, commercial aircraft to see information about the C
series).
The textbook Civil Jet Aircraft Design is an aircraft
design textbook with a focus on civil aircraft. The companion website
contains a single-source set of data describing commercial transport aircraft,
common high-bypass turbofan engines, and other useful information.
Cost Prediction
Aircraft
Airframe Cost Model and the Aircraft Turbine Engine Cost Model.
Both of these models rely upon historical databases of existing
aircraft. Notably, the Aircraft Airframe Cost Model uses military
aircraft that had first flights between 1960 and 1978. As a
result, the accuracy of results obtained with these models for commercial is
extremely questionable. However, the trends associated with these
models may be instructive for the project. Use and present results from
these models with an appropriate level of skepticism.
Advanced
Subsonic Airplane Design and Economic Studies
This is a NASA contractor report prepared by McDonnell Douglas in
1995. The “DOC+I” model predicts direct operating costs and interest (the
“+I”). This model is straightforward to implement. Several of my
grad students have used it for their studies. This is located in the
password protected section of the site.
Engine Resources
Dr. Jack Mattingly is the author of Aircraft Engine Design
and Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion.
The entire Aircraft Engine Design textbook is
available on-line for Purdue West Lafayette students, faculty and staff. He maintains a web site that supports these
two books.
ONX and OFFX are DOS-based programs that Dr. Mattingly supplied
with earlier versions of his Aircraft Engine Design textbook. These programs are no longer available from
his web pages, but I have placed v2.1 of the programs on the class-restricted
site. I have the User’s Guide for v2.2
of these programs, so there may be a few differences between the instructions
and the actual operation of the code.
Rolls-Royce is a major manufacturer of gas turbine engines for
aircraft. The Civil Aerospace
division publishes its own market
outlook. The 2007 edition, with an
update for 2008, is available.
Honeywell also is a major manufacturer of gas turbine engines;
Honeywell engines are predominantly for business jets. Their market forecast for business aviation
is available in a summary
format.
Reference Documents
This link connects to a page with papers and presentation that
discuss supersonic aircraft design. Because some of these references are
copyrighted, only current 451 students can access this page. You will
need your career id and password to view these.
This link connects to a page with the “FLight OPtimization
Software”; the AAE 451 class has access to version 7.01.
Several classic NASA codes for design and analysis of supersonic
aircraft are available for use. These
include the programs AWAVE, PBOOM, AERO2S, WINGDES, SEEB and HYBRID2DP. To access these, you will need your career id
and password.
Past Spring Semester Review Presentations and Documents
Professor
Crossley has taught AAE 451 for the past several Spring semesters. The presentations and documents from previous
semesters are provided here.
Spring 2008
The Spring 2008 project opportunity was to design a future “DC-3”
aircraft; this aircraft would operate in 2058, carry about 100 passengers, and
utilize very short runways.
System Requirements Review
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Team |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
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Team 4 |
Team4_SRR
(PowerPoint file) |
System Definition Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
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Team 4 |
Team4_SDR
(PowerPoint file) sweep
(avi video clip, place in same directory as ppt file to view in presentation) |
Conceptual Design Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
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Team 4 |
Team
4 CoDR.zip (extract all files to same
directory) |
Spring 2007
The Spring 2007 project opportunity was to design a persistent or
continuous coverage Unmanned Aerial Vehicle / Unmanned Aerial System.
System Requirements Review
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Team |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
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Team 4 |
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Team 5 |
System Definition Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
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Team 4 |
Team4_SDR.zip
(compressed file contains presentation and video; be sure both are in the
same directory) |
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Team 5 |
Conceptual Design Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Team 1 |
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Team 2 |
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Team 3 |
Team
3 CoDR presentation (compressed file contains presentation and video; be
sure both are in the same directory) |
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Team 4 |
Team
4 CoDR presentation (compressed file contains presentation and video; be
sure both are in the same directory) |
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Team 5 |
Spring 2006
The Spring 2006 project opportunity was to design
non-petroleum-fueled business and general aviation aircraft.
System Requirements Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Group 1 |
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Group 2 |
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Group 3 |
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Group 4 |
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Group 5 |
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Group 6 |
System Definition Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Group 1 |
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Group 2 |
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Group 3 |
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Group 4 |
Group
4 SDR presentation (this is a *.zip file, be sure all files are in same
directory to see embedded movies) |
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Group 5 |
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Group 6 |
Preliminary Design Review
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Group |
Presentation |
Document |
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Group 1 |
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Group 2 |
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Group 3 |
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Group 4 |
Group
4 PDR presentation (this is a *.zip file, be sure all files are in same
directory to see embedded movies) |
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Group 5 |
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Group 6 |